YeXiong;AsimMahmood;MichaelChopp;DepartmentofNeurosurgery,HenryFordHospital;DepartmentofNeurology,HenryFordHospital;DepartmentofPhysics,OaklandUniversity;Traumaticbraininjury(TBI)isoneofthemajorcausesofdeathanddisabilityworldwide.Noeffectivetreatmenthasbeenidentifiedfromclinicaltrials.Compellingevidenceexiststhattreatmentwithmesenchymalstemcells(MSCs)exertsasubstantialtherapeuticeffectafterexperimentalbraininjury.Inadditiontotheirsolublefactors,therapeuticeffectsofMSCsmaybeattributedtotheirgenerationandreleaseofexosomes.Exosomesareendosomaloriginsmall-membranenano-sizedvesiclesgeneratedbyalmostallcelltypes.Exosomesplayapivotalroleinintercellularcommunication.IntravenousdeliveryofMSC-derivedexosomesimprovesfunctionalrecoveryandpromotesneuroplasticityinratsafterTBI.Therapeuticeffectsofexosomesderivefromtheexosomecontent,especiallymicroRNAs(miRNAs).miRNAsaresmallnon-codingregulatoryRNAsandplayanimportantroleinposttranscriptionalregulationofgenes.Comparedwiththeirparentcells,exosomesaremorestableandcancrosstheblood-brainbarrier.Theyhavereducedthesafetyrisksinherentinadministeringviablecellssuchastheriskofocclusioninmicrovasculatureorunregulatedgrowthoftransplantedcells.Developingacell-freeexosome-basedtherapymayopenupanovelapproachtoenhancingmultifacetedaspectsofneuroplasticityandtoamplifyingneurologicalrecovery,potentiallyforavarietyofneuralinjuriesandneurodegenerativediseases.ThisreviewdiscussesthemostrecentknowledgeofexosometherapiesforTBI,theirassociatedchallengesandopportunities.【Fund】：supportedbyNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStroke(NINDS)oftheNationalInstitutesofHealthunderawardnumberR01NS088656toMC
【CateGoryIndex】：R651.15
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QINWei-feng;ZHANGHong-gang;ZHANGQiu-ju;XIURui-juan;InstituteofMicrocirculation,PekingUniversityofMedicalCollegeChineseAcademyofMedicalSciences,KeyLaboratoryofMicrocirculation,MinistryofHealth;;TheConcentrationofExosomesfromPlasmainHypertensiveRatsanditsCorrelationtoMicrocirculationFunction[J];微循环学杂志;2017-02
YeXiong;AsimMahmood;MichaelChopp;DepartmentofNeurosurgery,HenryFordHospital;DepartmentofNeurology,HenryFordHospital;DepartmentofPhysics,OaklandUniversity;;Emergingpotentialofexosomesfortreatmentoftraumaticbraininjury[J];NeuralRegenerationResearch;2017-01
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