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Analysis of methylation using bisulphite sequencing
Analysisofmethylationusingbisulphitesequencing
Thismethodallowspreciseanalysisofmethylationinacertainregionbyconvertingallnonmethylatedcytosinesintotymines,whilemethylatedcytosinesremainunchanged.ThismethodrequiressmallamountofgenomicDNAandthereforeseemstobeveryusefulfortheanalysisofclinicalsamples,wherethematerialamountislimited.HoweverIsuggestoptimisingthemethodusinggenomicDNAfromacelllineandthenapplyittovaluablesamples.
BeforestartingtheexperimentyouhavetodevelopprimersforbisulphiteconvertedDNA.YoucangenerateamodelofbisulphitetreatedDNAbysubstitutingallcytosineswhicharenotinCGcontextintotymines.AndthendesignyourprimersinthewaythattheydonnotcontainanyCG.IfthisisimpossIBLe,youhavetouseC/TattheplaceofCinCGcontext.Usuallyprimerselectionisthemostcriticalinbisulphitebasedmethylationanalysis,sincethecomplexityofDNAisreduced.ThereforeIwouldsuggesttoselect2-3pairsofprimers,checkthemonbisulphitemodifiedDNA,andusethemostspecificones.
Protocol
- IsolategenomicDNAwiththequalitysufficientforrestrictionenzymedigestion.
- DigestDNA(50to200ng)withanyenzymewhichdoesnotcuttheregionofinterest,butresultinginasshortfragmentsaspossibleinsmallestpossiblevolume.Note:increasingtheamountofDNAwillmakedenaturingnotefficientenoughandthereforemakebisulphitereactionincomplete!
- StopthereactionbyboilingDNAfor5min.
- Add10NNaOHto0.3NfinalconcentrationanddenatureDNA37°Cfor15min.
- Prepare4-5Eppendorftubeswithcoldmineraloil.
- Add2xvolumeof2%lowmeltingagarosetotheDNAsolution,mixbypipettingupanddown.
- Formagarosebeadsbypipetting10µlaliquotsofDNA/agarosemixtureintocoldmineraloil.Note:Don"tpipettthesecondaliquotinthetubewhereyoualreadyhaveonebead!
- Transferbeadsinthetubecontaining1mlofmodifyingsolution(5Msodiumbisulphite(2.5MsodiummetABIsulphite),100mMHydroquinon).
- Incubatethetubes4hat50°Cinthedark.
- Washthebeads6timesfor15mininTEpH8.0.
- Completethemodificationbyincubatingthebeads2timesfor15minin0.2NNaOH.
- Washthebeads3timesfor15minindoubledistilledH2O.
- UseoneuloftheobtainedDNAforPCRwithselectedprimers.
ObtainedPCRproductcanbesequenceddirectly,inthiscaseyouwillobtainmoreorlessreliableresultsaboutthepercentageofmethylatedcytosineineveryposition.Anotherpossibilityistoclonetheproductandthensequence10ormoreindividualclones.Thismethodismuchmoretimeconsuming.ThirdmethodwhichcanbeusedfortheanalysisofbisulphitetreatedDNAisSingleNucleotidePrimerExtension(SNuPE).
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