Product Description

Concentrated C3 is available primarily because the normal concentration of C3 in serum is high (~1.2 mg/ml) and reconstituting depleted serum thus requires high concentrations of this complement protein.Native human C3 is a naturally glycosylated (~2.7%) polypeptide containing two disulfide-linked chains.C3 is central to the activation of all three pathways of complement activation (Law, S.K.A. and Reid, K.B.M. (1995)).Initiation of each pathway generates proteolytic enzyme complexes (C3 convertases) which are bound to the target surface.These enzymes cleave a peptide bond in C3 releasing the anaphylatoxin C3a and activating C3b.For a brief time (~60 µs) this nascent C3b is capable of reacting with and covalently coupling to hydroxyl groups on the target surface.Carbohydrates are the favored target, but protein hydroxyls and amino groups also react.This process of tagging the target surface with C3b is called opsonization.The reactive site in nascent C3b is a thioester (Tack B.J., et al. (1980); Pangburn M.K. and Müller-Eberhard H.J. (1980)) and C3b is linked to the target through a covalent ester bond (an amide bond is formed if C3b is attached to amino groups).Most of the C3 activated during complement activation never attaches to the surface because its thioester reacts with water forming fluid phase C3b which is rapidly inactivated by factors H and I forming iC3b.Surface-bound C3b is necessary in all three pathways for efficient activation of C5 and formation of C5b-9 complexes that lyse the target cell membrane.Surface-bound C3b and its breakdown products iC3b and C3d are recognized by numerous receptors on lymphoid and phagocytic cells which use the C3b ligand to stimulate antigen presentation to cells of the adaptive immune system.The end result is an expansion of target-specific B-cell and T-cell populations.

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Complement Technology的GVB o是一种基本缓冲液，可用于制备用于补体测定的其他传统缓冲液。可以将Ca ++和Mg ++添加到GVB o中，以制成用于经典途径和凝集素途径测定的GVB ++。可以将MgEGTA添加到GVB o中以进行替代途径测定。EDTA可被添加到GVB Ò准备GVBE抑制补体活化。GVB ø也用于血清和其它测定组分的稀释在许多补体测定中特别是在旁路途径测定（摩根，BP（2000;多兹，AW和Sim，RB（1997））。