| Concentration: | 1 mg / ml, determined by the Lowry method |
| Source: | From fresh human plasma that has tested negative for Hepatitis C, HIV-I and HIV-II antibodies as well as Hepatitis surface antigens. |
| Purification: | After series ultra centrifugations, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) is isolated from Human plasma (Density: 1.063) and then oxidized with Copper (Cu++). |
| Purity: | LDL purity ≥ 98 % by SDS-PAGE. |
| Buffer: | 10 mM PBS, 140 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM EDTA, 0.02% NaN3, pH 7.0. |
| Storage: | 2°C-8°C for Short and long-term storage. Centrifuge Before Use. DO NOT FREEZE! |
*The products are for research or manufacturing use only, not for use in human therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
Importance
There is a large body of evidence suggesting that oxidative modifications of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) contribute significantly to the initiation and/or progression of atherosclerosis. Circulating LDL particles are able to penetrate the endothelium of arterial walls and become oxidized, promote inflammation, and drive injury to the overlying endothelium and surrounding smooth muscle cells (Ross, 1999).
The oxidation of LDL in vitro is accelerated significantly by metal ions and is inhibited by chelating agents. Ox-LDL exhibited chemical and biological properties similar but not identical to cell-modified LDL (Steinbrecher et al. 1984). Many investigators studying oxidized LDL have used Cu2+-catalyzed oxidation as an experimental model (Gebicki et al. 1991). The Cu2+ oxidation model has been useful in exploring many facets of the LDL oxidation process and may have biological relevance.
Ross, R. “Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease.” American Heart J. 138 (1999): S419–S420.
Gebicki, J. M., Jurgens, G., and Esterbauer, H. (1991) in OxidatiVe Stress: Oxidants and Antioxidants (Sies, H., Ed.) pp 371-397, Academic Press, New York.
Steinbrecher, U. P., Parthasarathy, S., Leake, D. S., Witzum, J. L., and Steinberg, D. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81, 3883-3887.
Citations
| [P23] | 2017 | Yang, Tzu-Ching; Chang, Po-Yuan; Kuo, Tzu-Ling; Lu, Shao-Chun (2017): Electronegative L5-LDL induces the production of G-CSF and GM-CSF in human macrophages through LOX-1 involving NF-κB and ERK2 activation. In Atherosclerosis 267, pp. 1–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.10.016. |
| [P23] | 2017 | Yang, Tzu-Ching; Chang, Po-Yuan; Lu, Shao-Chun (2017): L5-LDL from ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients induces IL-1β production via LOX-1 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. In American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 312 (2), H265-H274. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00509.2016. |
| [P23] | 2014 | Lee, Su Jin; Thien Quach, Cung Hoa; Jung, Kyung-Ho; Paik, Jin-Young; Lee, Jin Hee; Park, Jin Won; Lee, Kyung-Han (2014): Oxidized low-density lipoprotein stimulates macrophage 18F-FDG uptake via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activation through Nox2-dependent reactive oxygen species generation. In Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine 55 (10), pp. 1699–1705. DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.139428. |
| [P23] | 2011 | Kang, Jie; Xie, Chenghui; Li, Zhimin; Nagarajan, Shanmugam; Schauss, Alexander G.; Wu, Tong; Wu, Xianli (2011): Flavonoids from acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In Food chemistry 128 (1), pp. 152–157. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.03.011. |
academy biomed[A05]绵羊抗人类载脂蛋白AII多克隆抗体12A-S1a学院生物医学公司$ 155.00$ 155.00目录号数量1寄主物种： 羊浓度： 1毫克/毫升（OD 1.35 / 280 nm）抗原： 人类载脂蛋白AII纯化： 亲和纯化缓冲： 75 mM磷酸钠，75 mM NaCl，0.5 mM EDTA，0.02％NaN3，pH 7.2特异性 与人载脂蛋白AII特异性结合。免疫印迹和ELISA的稀释范围：1,000至80,000。用： 该抗体可用于检测血浆和脂蛋白中的载脂蛋白AII，免疫测定，免疫印迹，酶结合或生物素化。存储： -20°C长期保存，4°C短期保存。等分试样，以避免反复冻结和解冻。 *这些产品仅用于研究或制造用途，不能用于人体治疗或诊断应用。 重要性Apo AII占HDL的25％。它在人血浆中以77条氨基酸残基的2条相同链的二聚体形式存在，并通过二硫键连接。据报道，单链的分子量为8.7kDa（Brewer等，1972）。对小鼠的研究报道，apoAII可能具有促动脉粥样硬化作用（Warden等，1993）。然而，一项大型的欧洲前瞻性研究中的病例对照研究表明，血浆Apo AII浓度与冠心病事件密切相关（Birjmohun等，2007）。Birjmohun，RS，GM Dallinga-Thie，JA Kuivenhoven，ESg Stroes，JD Otvos，NJ Wareham，R.Luben，JJp Kastelein，K.-T. Khaw和SM Boekholdt。“载脂蛋白A-II与未来冠状动脉疾病的风险成反比。” 循环116（2007）：2029-035。Brewer，HB，SE Lux，R.Ronan和KM John。“人ApoLp-Gln-II（apoA-II），一种从高密度脂蛋白复合物中分离的载脂蛋白的氨基酸序列。” 美国国家科学院院刊69.5（1972）：1304-308。Warden，C.，C.Hedrick，J.Qiao，L.Castellani和A.Lusis。“过表达载脂蛋白A-II的转基因小鼠中的动脉粥样硬化。” 科学261（1993）：469-72。
