Tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium(III), Ir(ppy)₃, is used widely in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to its high quantum yields and thermal stability.

Utilising all of its singlet and triplet excitons for the emission, this green light emitting Ir(ppy)₃ exhibits a very bright phosphorescence with an internal quantum yield of almost 100% [1, 2, 3]. It is one of the most successful green-triplet emitters in the rapidly developing field of OLED display technology.

General Information

CAS number	94928-86-6
Chemical formula	C33H24IrN3
Molecular weight	654.78 g/mol
Absorption	λmax 282, 377 nm in THF
Fluorescence	λem 513 nm in THF
HOMO/LUMO	HOMO 5.6 eV, LUMO 3.0 eV
Synonyms	Tris[2-phenylpyridine]iridium(III) Tris(2-phenylpyridinato)iridium(III) Tris[2-phenylpyridine-c2,n]iridium(III) Tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium(III)
Classification / Family	Organometallic complex, Green emitter, Phosphorescence dopant OLEDs, Sublimed materials

Product Details

Purity	>99.0% (sublimed) >98.0% (unsublimed)
Melting point	451 °C
Colour	Yellow powder

*Sublimation is a technique used to obtain ultra pure-grade chemicals. For more details about sublimation, please refer to the Sublimed Materials for OLED devices page.

Chemical Structure

Device Structure(s)

Device structure	ITO/α-NPD* (50 nm)/7%-Ir(ppy)3:CBP (20 nm)/BCP (10 nm)/tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3) (40 nm)/Mg–Ag (100 nm)/Ag (20 nm)  [4]
Colour	Green
Max EQE	(12.0±0.6)%
Max. Powder Efficiency	(45±2) lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/α-NPD* (40 nm)/6%-Ir(ppy)3:CBP (20 nm)/BCP (10 nm)/tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3) (20 nm)/Mg–Ag (100 nm)/Ag (20 nm)  [5]
Colour	Green
Max EQE	8%
Max. Current Efficiency	28 cd/A
Max. Powder Efficiency	31 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/PEDOT:PSS (50 nm)/poly-TCZ (35 nm)/1*:Ir(ppy)3 (94:6 wt%)(20 nm)/TAZ (50 nm)/LiF (2.5 nm)/Al (40 nm)/Ag (100 nm) [6]
Colour	Blue
Max. Luminance	47,000 cd/m2
Max. Current Efficiency	81.1 cd/A
Max. EQE	25.2%
Max. Power Efficiency	46.8 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/MoO3 (3 nm)/CBP: 20 wt% Ir(ppy)3: 4 wt% FIrpic (30 nm)/TAZ (50 nm) [7]
Colour	Green
Max. Luminance	27,524 cd/m2
Max. Current Efficiency	71.2 cd/A

Device structure	ITO/NPD/5%BCzVBi:CBP/CBP/4%PQIr*:CBP/5%Ir(ppy)3:CBP/CBP/5%BCzVBi:CBP/ LiF/Al [8]
Colour	White
Max EQE	11.0 ± 0.3%
Max. Power Efficiency	22.1 ± 0.3 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/0.4 wt% F4TCNQ doped α NPD (30 nm)/ 5 wt% Ir (ppy)3 doped CBP (50 nm)/BPhen (30 nm)/20 wt% TCNQ mixed BPhen (1.5 nm)/Al [9]
Colour	Green
Luminance@15 V	1,320 cd/m2
Power Efficiency@14 V	56.6 lm W−1
Current Efficiency@14 V	23.17 cd/A

*For chemical structure information please refer to the cited references

Characterisations

Pricing

Grade	Order Code	Quantity	Price
Sublimed (>99.5% purity)	M481	100 mg	£158.00
Unsublimed (>98.0% purity)	M482	250 mg	£166.00
Sublimed (>99.5% purity)	M481	250 mg	£298.00
Unsublimed (>98.0% purity)	M482	500 mg	£263.00
Sublimed (>99.5% purity)	M481	500 mg	£487.00

MSDS Documentation

Ir(ppy)3 MSDS sheet

Literature and Reviews

1. Absorption and emission spectroscopic characterization of Ir(ppy)₃, W. Holzer et al., Chem. Phys., 308(1-2), 93-102 (2005), doi:10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.07.051.
2. The Triplet State of fac-Ir(ppy)₃, T. Hofbeck et al., Inorg. Chem., 49 (20), 9290–9299 (2010), DOI: 10.1021/ic100872w.
3. High-efficiency fluorescent organic light-emitting devices using a phosphorescent sensitizer, M. A. Baldo et al., Nature 403, 750-753 (2000) | doi:10.1038/35001541.
4. Efficient electrophosphorescence using a doped ambipolar conductive molecular organic thin film, C. Adachi et aL., Org. Electronics, 2(1), 37-43 (2001), doi:10.1016/S1566-1199(01)00010-6.
5. Very high-efficiency green organic light-emitting devices based on electrophosphorescence, M. A. Baldo et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 4 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124258.
6. Efficient blue-emitting electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes using 2-(3,5-di(carbazol-9-yl)-phenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole as an ambipolar host, Y. Zhang et al., RSC Adv., 3, 23514 (2013). DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43720e.
7. Simplified phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices using heavy doping with an Ir complex as an emitter, Y. Miao et al., RSC Adv., 5, 4261 (2015). DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13308k.
8. Management of singlet and triplet excitons for efficient white organic light-emitting devices, Y. Sun, et al, Nature 440, 908-912 (2006), doi:10.1038/nature04645.
9. Novel organic electron injection layer for efficient and stable organic light emitting diodes, R. Grover et al., J. Luminescence, 146, 53–56 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2013.09.004.
10. Upconverted Emission from Pyrene and Di-tert-butylpyrene Using Ir(ppy)₃ as Triplet Sensitizer, W. Zhao et al., Phys. Chem. A, 110 (40), 11440–11445 (2006), DOI: 10.1021/jp064261s.
11. High-efficiency organic electrophosphorescent devices with tri(2-phenylpyridine)iridium doped into electron-transporting materials, C. Adachi et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 77 (6), 904-906 (2000).
12. High-efficiency and low-voltage p‐i‐n electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with double-emission layers, G. He et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3911 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1812378.

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To the best of our knowledge the technical information provided here is accurate. However, Ossila assume no liability for the accuracy of this information. The values provided here are typical at the time of manufacture and may vary over time and from batch to batch.

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