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蚂蚁淘在线 / 品牌中心 / Megazyme / Megazyme/D-Sorbitol/Xylitol Assay Kit/K-SORB/58 assays (manual) / 580 assays (microplate) / 700 assays (auto-analyser)
商品描述
TheD-Sorbitol/XylitoltestkitissuitableforthemeasurementandanalysisofD-sorbitoland/orxylitolinfoodproducts.
Suitableformanual,auto-analyserandmicroplateformats.
Grapeandwineanalysis:Oenologiststoexploitadvancedtestkits.
Charnock,S.C.&McCleary,B.V.(2005).RevuedesEnology,117,1-5.
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Itiswithoutdoubtthattestingplaysapivotalrolethroughoutthewholeofthevinificationprocess.ToproducethebestpossIBLequalitywineandtominimiseprocessproblemssuchas“stuck”fermentationortroublesomeinfections,itisnowrecognisedthatifpossibletestingshouldbeginpriortoharvestingofthegrapesandcontinuethroughtobottling.TrADItionalmethodsofwineanalysisareoftenexpensive,timeconsuming,requireeitherelaborateequipmentorspecialistexpertiseandfrequentlylackaccuracy.However,enzymaticbio-analysisenablestheaccuratemeasurementofthevastmajorityofanalytesofinteresttothewinemaker,usingjustonepieceofapparatus,thespectrophotometer(seepreviousissueNo.116foradetailedtechnicalreview).Grapejuiceandwineareamenabletoenzymatictestingasbeingliquidstheyarehomogenous,easytomanipulate,andcangenerallybeanalysedwithoutanysamplepreparation.
Megazyme“advanced”winetestkitsgeneralcharacteristicsandvalidation.
Charnock,S.J.,McCleary,B.V.,Daverede,C.&Gallant,P.(2006).ReveuedesOenologues,120,1-5.
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ManyoftheenzymatictestkitsareofficialmethodsofprestigiousorganisationssuchastheAssociationofOfficialAnalyticalChemicals(AOAC)andtheAmericanAssociationofCerealChemists(AACC)inresponsetotheinterestfromoenologists.Megazymedecidedtouseitslonghistoryofenzymaticbio-analysistomakeasignificantcontributiontothewineindustry,bythedevelopmentofarangeofadvancedenzymatictestkits.Thistaskhasnowbeensuccessfullycompletedthroughthestrategicandcomprehensiveprocessofidentifyinglimitationsofexistingenzymaticbio-analysistestkitswheretheyoccurred,andthenusingadvancedtechniques,suchasmolecularBIOLOGy(photo1),torapidlyovercomethem.Noveltestkitshavealsobeendevelopedforanalytesofemerginginteresttotheoenologist,suchasyeastavailablenitrogen(YAN;seepages2-3ofissue117article),orwherepreviouslyenzymesweresimplyeithernotavailable,orweretooexpensivetoemploy,suchasforD-mannitolanalysis.
Aldosereductaseisimplicatedinhighglucose‐inducedoxidativestressinmouseembryonicneuralstemcells.
Fu,J.,Tay,S.S.W.,Ling,E.A.&Dheen,S.T.(2007).JournalofNeuRochemistry,103(4),1654-1665.
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Oxidativestresscausedbyhyperglycemiaisoneofthekeyfactorsresponsibleformaternaldiabetes-inducedcongenitalmalformations,includingneuraltubedefectsinembryos.However,mechanismsbywhichmaternaldiabetesinducesoxidativestressduringneurulationarenotclear.Thepresentstudywasaimedtoinvestigatewhetherhighglucoseinducesoxidativestressinneuralstemcells(NSCs),whichcomposetheneuraltubeduringdevelopment.WealsoinvestigatedthemechanismbywhichhighglucosedisturbsthegrowthandsurvivalofNSCsinvitro.NSCswereexposedtophysiologicalD-glucoseconcentration(PG,5mmol/L),PGwithL-glucose(25mmol/L),orhighD-glucoseconcentration(HG,30or45mmol/l).HGinducedreactiveoxygenspeciesproductionandmRNAexpressionofaldosereductase(AR),whichcatalyzestheglucosereductionthroughpolyolpathway,inNSCs.Expressionofglucosetransporter1(Glut1)mRNAandproteinwhichregulatesglucoseuptakeinNSCswasincreasedatearlystage(24h)andbecamedown-regulatedatlatestage(72h)ofexposuretoHG.InhibitionofARbyfidarestat,anARinhibitor,decreasedtheoxidativestress,restoredthecellviABIlityandproliferation,andreducedapoptoticcelldeathinNSCsexposedtoHG.Moreover,inhibitionofARattenuatedthedown-regulationofGlut1expressioninNSCsexposedtoHGfor72h.TheseresultssuggestthattheactivationofpolyolpathwayplaysaroleintheinductionofoxidativestresswhichaltersGlut1expressionandcellcycleinNSCsexposedtoHG,therebyresultinginabnormalpatterningoftheneuraltubeinembryosofdiabeticpregnancy.
Assessmentofxylitolserumlevelsduringthecourseofparenteralnutritionincludingxylitolinintensivecarepatients:Acasecontrolstudy.
Schneider,A.S.,Schettler,A.,Markowski,A.,Luettig,B.,Momma,M.,Seipt,C.,Hadem,J.&Wilhelmi,M.(2014).ClinicalNutrition,33(3),483-488.
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Background&aims:Xylitolhasbeenapprovedforparenteralnutritionandmaybebeneficialincatabolicsituations.Theaimwastoestablishaneasymethodtomonitorxylitolserumlevelsinpatientsreceivingxylitolandtodeterminewhetherxylitolissafe.Methods:Acommerciallyavailablexylitoltestwasvalidatedandusedtomeasureserumlevelsin55patientsadmittedtoourintensivecareunitwithanindicationforparenteralnutritionwithxylitolforatleast24h.Controlsconsistedofthemostrecent56patientsadmittedtotheintensivecareunitwhoreceivedparenteralnutritionwithoutxylitolforatleast2days.Xylitolserumlevelsweredeterminedusingthetest.Adverseevents,liverenzymes,lactate,bilirubin,γ-glutamyltranspeptidase,andinsulinrequirementweresecondaryendpoints.Results:Patientsreceivingxylitolreceived32.6%lessinsulinthancontrols.Theamountofenergytheyreceivedwascomparable(xylitol:810.1;controls:789.8kcal).Meanliverenzymesandlactatelevelsweresimilarinbothgroups.Adverseeventsconsideredattributabletoxylitoldidnotoccur.Xylitoldidnotaccumulateinpatients"bloodandreturnedtonearbaselinevaluesonedayafterparenteralnutritionwasstopped.Conclusions:Parenteralnutritionwithxylitolappearstobesafeforcriticalcarepatients.Therewerenosignsofhepatoxicity.
Thepeach(Prunuspersica[L.]Batsch)homeoboxgeneKNOPE3,whichencodesaclass2knotted-liketranscriptionfactor,isregulatedduringleafdevelopmentandtriggeredbysugars.
Testone,G.,Condello,E.,Verde,I.,Caboni,E.,Iannelli,M.A.,Bruno,L.,Mariotti,D.,Bitonti,M.B.&Giannino,D.(2009).MolecularGeneticsandGenomics,282(1),47-64.
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Class1KNOTTED1-liketranscriptionfactors(KNOX)areknowntoregulateplantdevelopment,whereasinformationonclass2KNOXhasbeenlimited.ThepeachKNOPE3genewascloned,belongedtoafamilyoffewclass2membersandwaslocatedat66cMinthePrunusspp.G1linkage-group.ThemRNAlocalizationwasdiversifiedinleaf,stem,floweranddrupe,butrecurredinallorgansieves,suggestingaroleinsapnutrienttransport.Duringleafdevelopment,themRNAearliestlocalizedtoprimordiasievesandsubsequentlytomesophyllcellsofgrowingleaves.Consistently,itsabundanceaugmentedwithleafexpansion.Thetranscriptionwasmonitoredinleavesrespondingtodarkening,supplyandtransportblockofsugars.Itpeakedat4hafterdarknessanddroppedunderprolongedobscurity,showingasimilarkinetictothatofsucrosecontentvariation.FeedingleafletsviathetranspirationstreamcausedKNOPE3up-regulationat3hafterfructose,glucoseandsucroseabsorptionandat12haftersorbitol.Ingirdlingexperiments,leafKNOPE3wastriggeredfrom6honwardsalongwithsucroseandsorbitolraise.Boththephloem-associatedexpressionandsugar-specificgenemodulationsuggestthatKNOPE3mayplayaroleinsugartranslocationduringthedevelopmentofagro-relevantorganssuchasdrupe.
Anovelaldose-aldoseoxidoreductaseforco-productionofD-xylonateandxylitolfromD-xylosewithSaccharomycescerevisiae.
Wiebe,M.G.,Nygård,Y.,Oja,M.,Andberg,M.,Ruohonen,L.,Koivula,A.,Penttilä,M.&Toivari,M.(2015).AppliedMicrobiologyandBiotechnology,99(22),9439-9447.
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AnopenreadingframeCC1225fromtheCaulobactercrescentusCB15genomesequencebelongstotheGfo/Idh/MocAproteinfamilyandhas47 %aminoacidsequenceidentitywiththeglucose-fructoseoxidoreductasefromZymomonasmobilis(Zm GFOR).WeexpressedtheORFCC1225intheyeastSaccharomycescerevisiaeandusedayeaststrainexpressingthegenecodingforZm GFORasareference.CellextractsofstrainsoverexpressingCC1225(renamedasCcaaor)showedsomeZm GFORtypeofactivity,producingD-gluconateandD-sorbitolwhenamixtureofD-glucoseandD-fructosewasusedassubstrate.However,theactivityinCcaaorexpressingstrainwas>100-foldlowercomparedtostrainsexpressingZmgfor.Interestingly,C.crescentusAAORwasclearlymoreefficientthantheZmGFORinconvertinginvitroasinglesugarsubstrateD-xylose(10 mM)toxylitolwithoutanaddedcofactor,whereasthistypeofactivitywasverylowwithZm GFOR.FurThermore,whenculturedinthepresenceofD-xylose,theS.cerevisiaestrainexpressingCcaaorproducednearlyequalconcentrationsofD-xylonateandxylitol(12.5 gD-xylonate l-1and11.5 gD-xylitol l-1from26 gD-xylose l-1),whereasthecontrolstrainandstrainexpressingZmgfor producedonlyD-xylitol(5 g l-1).Deletionofthegeneencodingthemajoraldosereductase,Gre3p,didnotaffectxylitolproductioninthestrainexpressingCcaaor,butdecreasedxylitolproductioninthestrainexpressingZmgfor.Inaddition,expressionofCcaaortogetherwiththeD-xylonolactonelactonaseencodingthegenexylCfromC.crescentusslightlyincreasedthefinalconcentrationandinitialvolumetricproductionrateofbothD-xylonateandD-xylitol.TheseresultssuggestthatC.crescentusAAORisanoveltypeofoxidoreductaseabletoconvertthesinglealdosesubstrateD-xylosetobothitsoxidizedandreducedproduct.
ColourimetricmethodforthedeterminationofD-Sorbitoland
Xylitolinfoodstuffsandwine
Principle:
(sorbitoldehydrogenase)
(1)D-Sorbitol+NAD+↔D-fructose+NADH+H+
(sorbitoldehydrogenase)
(2)Xylitol+NAD+↔D-xylulose+NADH+H+
(diaphorase)
(3)INT+NADH+H+→NAD++INT-formazan
Kitsize: *58assays(manual)/580(microplate)
/700(auto-analyser)* Thenumberofmanualtestsperkitcanbedoubledifallvolumesarehalved.
ThiscanbereadilyaccommodatedusingtheMegaQuantTM Wave
Spectrophotometer(D-MQWAVE).Method: Spectrophotometricat492nm
Reactiontime: ~15min
Detectionlimit: 0.20mg/L
Applicationexamples:
Diabeticfoods(e.g.honey,jamandchocolate),dieteticfoods,
chewinggum,candies,fruitjuice(e.g.applejuice),ice-cream,sweets,
bakeryproducts(e.g.desserts),marzipan,paper(andcardboard),
cosmetics,pharmaceuticalsandothermaterials(e.g.biologicalcultures,
samples,etc.)
Methodrecognition:
MethodsbasedonthisprinciplehavebeenacceptedbyIFUandAIJN
Advantages
- Eachvialofsorbitoldehydrogenaseisstablefor>2monthsat4°Cafterdissolution
- Nowasteddiaphorasesolution(stablesUSPensionsupplied)
- Verycompetitiveprice(costpertest)
- Reagentsstablefor>2yearsassupplied
- Mega-Calc™softwaretoolisavailablefromourwebsiteforhassle-freerawdataprocessing
- Standardincluded
- Suitableformanual,microplateandauto-analyserformats
