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ProductName:AdenovirusIgA-ELISA

#ofSamples:1x96Assays

IntendedUse:TheAdenovirusIgAELISAisintendedforthequalitativedeterminationofIgAclassantibodiesagainstAdenovirusinhumanserumorplasma(citrate).

Introduction:Adenovirusesaredouble-strandedDNAvirusesofabout70-90nmlackinganenvelope.Thecapsidcontains252capsomeresandshowsicosahedralsymmetry.Thecapsomeresconsistofhexons,pentonsandfiberproteintrimerswhichareresponsIBLefortheinductionofgroup-andtype-specificantibodies.
Forthefirsttimeadenoviruseswereisolatedin1953fromtonsilsandadenoidtissuebyRowe.Morethan80adenovirusesareknownatpresent.47outofthemarepathogenicformen.Theycauseseveraldiseasesofdifferentorganicsystems,mainlyeyes,pharynx,respiratoryandgastrointestinalsystem.
Adenovirusinfectionsarecommonandfrequent.Mostinfectionsappearduringchildhood.Theypassoflatentlysothattheviruscanstillbedetectedintonsilsaftertwoyears.Itisexcreteviasalivaandfaeces.Gatetobodyaremouth,nasalpharynxandconjunctivaoftheeye.Mostinfectionspassoffwithoutsymptoms.Around5%ofallcoughsandsneezesofchildrenarecausedbyadenoviruses.Epidemicsmayoccurinpopulationscrowdedtogether,forexampleacuterespiratorydiseaseinmilitarygroups,pharyngoconjunctivalfeverinswimmingpools,andepidemickeratoconjunctivitisinmedicalfacilities.Infectionofhospitalsandswimmingpoolsgratifyspecialdemandsonhygienics.
Thepresenceofvirusresp.infectionmaybeidentifiedby
Cellculture:cytopathogeniceffect(CPE)
PCR
SEROlogy:complementfixation(CF),neutralization(N)andhemagglutination-inhibition(HAI);DetectionofantibodiesandthehexonantigenbyELISA

Principlesoftheassay:ThequalitativeimmunoenzymaticdeterminationofIgA-classantibodiesagainstAdenovirusisbasedontheELISA(Enzyme-linkedImmunosorbentAssay)technique.
MicrotiterstripwellsareprecoatedwithAdenovirusantigenstobindcorrespondingantibodiesofthespecimen.AfterwashingthewellstoremoveallunboundsamplematerialhorserADIshperoxidase(HRP)labelledanti-humanIgAconjugateisadded.ThisconjugatebindstothecapturedAdenovirus-specificantibodies.TheimmunecomplexformedbytheboundconjugateisvisualizedbyaddingTetramethylbenzidine(TMB)substratewhichgivesabluereactionproduct.TheintensityofthisproductisproportionaltotheamountofAdenovirus-specificIgAantibodiesinthespecimen.Sulphuricacidisaddedtostopthereaction.Thisproducesayellowendpointcolour.Absorbanceat450nmisreadusinganELISAmicrowellplatereader.

StorageandStABIlity:Thereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2...8°C.

LimitationsoftheTest:Bacterialcontaminationorrepeatedfreeze-thawcyclesofthespecimenmayaffecttheabsorbancevalues.Diagnosisofaninfectiousdiseaseshouldnotbeestablishedonthebasisofasingletestresult.Aprecisediagnosisshouldtakeintoconsiderationclinicalhistory,symptomatologyaswellasserologicaldata.
Inimmunocompromisedpatientsandnewbornsserologicaldataonlyhaverestrictedvalue.

ReferencesAdrian,T.,J.Sassinek,R.Wiegand:Genometypeanalysisof480isolatesofadenovirustype1,2and5.ArchVirol.112(1990)235-248Donelli,G.,F.Superti,A.Tinarietal.:ViralchildhooddiarrhoeinRome:adiagnosticandepidemiologicalstudy.MicroBIOLOGica16(1993)215-225Hierholzer,J.C.:Adenovirusintheimmunocompromisedhost.Clin.Microbiol.Rev.5(1992)262-274Schmitz,H.,R.Wiegand,W.Heinrich:Worlwideepidemiologyofhumanadenovirusinfectionsw.Am.J.Epid.117(1983)455-466Wiegand,R.:Adenovirus.In:Brandis,H.,W.Köhler,H.J.Eggers,G.Pulverer(ed.):Med.Mikrobiologie1994.GustavFischerVerlagStuttgart,Jena,NewYork(1994)767-769

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Name	AdenovirusIgA
RelatedProductNames	AdenovirusIgA-ELISA
MolecularWeight	0.5
Storage	Thereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2...8°C.
IntendedUse	ResearchUseOnly