The DetectX^® Urinary Creatinine Detection kits are designed to quantitatively measure creatinine in urine samples. A NIST calibrated creatinine standard is used to standardize the assay. Samples are pipetted into a clear microtiter plate and the color generating reaction is initiated with the supplied no-mix DetectX Creatinine Reagent, which is pipetted into each well. After a 30 minute incubation at room temperature the color is read at 490nm.

Creatinine (2-amino-1-methyl-5H-imadazol-4-one) is a metabolite of phosphocreatine (p-creatine), a molecule used as a store for high-energy phosphate that can be utilized by tissues for the production of ATP. Creatine either comes from the diet or synthesized from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine.  Creatine and p-creatine are converted non-enzymatically to the metabolite creatinine, which diffuses into the blood and is excreted by the kidneys. In vivo, this conversion appears to be irreversible and in vitro it is favored by higher temperatures and lower pH. Creatinine forms spontaneously from p-creatine. Under normal conditions, its formation occurs at a rate that is relatively constant and as intra-individual variation is <15% from day to day, creatinine is a useful tool for normalizing the levels of other molecules found in urine.

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