Type:Protein
SpeciesReactivity:H
B=Bovine;Ca=Cat;Ch=Chicken;D=Dog;EQ=Equine;GP=GuineaPig;H=Human;M=Mouse;P=Porcine;Pr=Primate;R=Rat;Rb=Rabbit;Y=Yeast;Xe=Xenopus;Ze=Zebrafish;;;;NA-NotApplicable;STP=Step-TactinProteins;AllEGFwasoriginallydiscoveredincrudepreparationsofnervegrowthfactorpreparedfrommousesuBMAxillaryglandsasanactivitythatinducedearlyeyelidopening,incisoreruption,hairgrowthinhibition,andstuntingofgrowthwheninjectedintonewbornmice.HumanEGFwasisolatedfromurinebasedonitsinhibitoryeffectongastricsecretionandnamedurogastrone,accordingly.EGFisprototypicofafamilyofgrowthfactorsthatarederivedfrommembrane-anchoredprecursors.AllmembersofthisfamilyarecharacterizedbythepresenceofatleastoneEGFstructuralunit(definedbythepresenceofaconserved6cysteinemotifthatformsthreedisulfidebonds)intheirextracellulardomain.EGFisinitiallysynthesizedasa130kDaprecursortransmembraneproteincontaining9EGFunits.ThematuresolubleEGFsequencecorrespondstotheEGFunitlocatedproximaltothetransmembranedomain.ThemembraneEGFprecursoriscapableofbindingtotheEGFreceptorandwasreportedtobeBIOLOGicallyactive.
AwidevarietyofbiologicaleffectshavebeenascribedtoEGFandothermembersoftheEGFfamily.ThebestdocumentedactivityofEGFisitsABIlitytopromoteproliferationanddifferentiationofmesenchymalandepithelialcells.EGFisamitogenforfibroblasts,epithelialandendothelialcells,andpromotescolonyformationofepidermalcellsinculture.EGFinducesepithelialdevelopment,promotesangiogenesis,andinhibitsgastricacidsecretion.
Reference:
ADNAsequenceencodingthematurehumanEGFprotein(Accession#P01133;Bell,G.I.etal.,1986,NucleicAcidsRes.14(21):8427-8446)wasexpressedinE.coli.
