Thisproductisfreezedried.Allwatermoleculeshavebeenremoved.
- PeptideNSSTEDGIKRIQDDC,correspondingtoaminoacidresidues4-18ofhumanAT1 receptor(Accession P30556).Extracellular,N-terminus.
- CellsurfacedetectionofAT1 receptorinliveintacthumanTHP-1monocyticleukemiacells:___Cellsalone.
___Cells+RabbitIgGisotypecontrol-FITC.
___Cells+AngiotensinII ReceptorType-1(extracellular)-FITC Antibody(#AAR-011-F),(5µg).CellsurfacedetectionofAT1 receptorinliveintacthumanJurkatT-cellleukemiacells:___Cellsalone.
___Cells+RabbitIgGisotypecontrol-FITC.
___Cells+AngiotensinII ReceptorType-1(extracellular)-FITCAntibody(#AAR-011-F),(5µg).
- 1.deGasparo,M.etal.(2000)Pharmacol.Rev.52,415.
- 2.Balakumar,P.andJagadeesh,G.(2014)J.Mol.Endocrinol.53,R71.
- 3.Graus-Nunes,F.etal.(2017)Mol.Cell.Endocrinol.439,54.
TheBIOLOGicalfunctionsof angiotensinII aremediatedby AT1 and AT2 receptors.BothbelongtotheG-proteincoupledreceptorsuperfamilyandarecomprisedofsevenhydrophobictransmembranesegmentsformingαhelicesinthelipidbilayerofthecellmembrane,anextracellularN-terminusandanintracellularN-terminus1.
Twohighlyhomologousisoformsofthereceptor,AT1A andAT1Bhavebeenidentifiedinrodents.TheAT1A receptoraccountsfor90%ofthetotalbinding,andispredominantinthekidney,vascularsmoothmusclecells,heart,liver,andinsomeareasofthebrain,whiletheAT1B receptorisfoundpredominantlyinthepituitaryandadrenalglands,placenta,lung,andbrain.Theseisoformsarepharmacologicallyindistinguishable andarebothselectivelyantagonizedby losartan.
ThroughAT1receptor,angiotensinIIstimulatesmultiplesignalingpathways,cross-talkswithseveraltyrosinekinases,andtrans-activatesgrowthfactorreceptors.PhosphorylationofthereceptorbyGPCRkinasesterminatesreceptoractivationandpromotesβ-arrestinrecruitment.β-arrestin-scaffoldedsignalingmediates‘secondarysignaling’thatinvolvesmultiplekinasesthatlinktocellprotectivedownstreamsignalingmolecules2.
Inamodelofdiet-inducedobesemice,AT1receptorinhibitiondemonstratesbeneficialpleiotropiceffects.Micereceivingthetreatmentexhibitenhancedpancreaticduodenalhomeobox1(PDX1)and GLP-1 pancreaticisletexpression.PDX1isletsareessentialfortheexpressionofglucokinaseand GLUT2.GreaterGLP-1levels,isletvascularizationandreducedapoptosisandmacrophageinfiltrationarealsoobserved3.
Anti-AngiotensinIIReceptorType-1(extracellular)Antibody(#AAR-011)isahighlyspecificantibodydirectedagainstanextracellularepitopeofthehumanprotein.Theantibodycanbeusedinwesternblot,immunohistochemistry,immunocytochemistry,andindirectflowcytometryapplications.IthasbeendesignedtorecognizeAT1 receptorfromrat,mouse,andhumansamples.
Anti-AngiotensinIIReceptorType-1(extracellular)-FITCAntibody(#AAR-011-F)isdirectlyconjugatedtofluoresceinisothiocyanate(FITC).Thislabeledantibodycanbeusedinimmunofluorescentapplicationssuchasdirectflowcytometryusinglivecells.