1、本文档共61页，可阅读全部内容。2、本文档内容版权归属内容提供方，所产生的收益全部归内容提供方所有。如果您对本文有版权争议，可选择认领，认领后既往收益都归您。3、本文档由用户上传，本站不保证质量和数量令人满意，可能有诸多瑕疵，付费之前，请仔细先通过免费阅读内容等途径辨别内容交易风险。如存在严重挂羊头卖狗肉之情形，可联系本站下载客服投诉处理。文档侵权举报电话：400-050-0739(电话支持时间：9:00-19:00)。 How can I calculate the number of population doublings? The number of doublings (n) can be calculated using the following formula: n = (log N - log N0) / log 2 N: total viable cells at harvestN0: total viable cells at seedlog 2 = 0.301 * * * * Which problems in cell culture have you experienced? What do you think is the most often occuring problem in cell culture? Hyphae (Amphoterizin B or Nystatin) Occuring extracellularly ? That‘s why they are typically detected in the media/supernatant of cell cultures Enzymimmunoassay: immunoassay based on polyclonal antibodies against the four principle pathogens. Enzymimmunoassay: immunoassay based on polyclonal antibodies against the four principle pathogens. Many methods are used to isolate and identify mycoplasma contaminants. These include direct growth on agar, broth or semi-solid media, enzymatic procedures, RNA labeling, autoradiography, and staining with DNA fluorochromes. These tests, with the exception of the DNA staining, require time, expertise, and/or a considerable amount of equipment and reagents. A positive culture will show particulate or filamentous fluorescence around the cell nuclei. A heavy infection of mycoplasma will stain in the intercellular spaces. Bacteria, yeast, and other prokaryotes will show typical size, morphology, and growth characteristics (i.e., chains, budding, mycelia, etc). On samples where absolute verification is needed, it is suggested direct growth on agar and in broth also be utilized. A number of effective methods for the elimination of mycoplasma contamination in cell cultures have been published, such as: * treatment with specific hyperimmune serum (antibodies). * passage of contaminated cells in thymus-deficient mice. * exposure to analogs of nucleic acids that prevent reproduction of mycoplasma. * treatment with antibiotics. * exposure of contaminated cells to mouse macrophages. * a?technique that combines growing cells on soft agar and treatment with antibiotics. Th

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