Complement C4d ELISA Kit

Complement C4d ELISA Kit Developed and Manufactured by Svar Life Science

Size: 1×96 wells
Standard Range: 0.3-13.2 ng/ml
Incubation Time: 2 hours
Sample Type: Plasma
Sample Size: 10 µl
For Research Use Only

Controls Included

---

Assay Background

The complement system plays an essential role in autoimmune and infectious diseases. There are three pathways of complement activation; the classical, the alternative and the lectin pathway. The C4d protein is a product of the classical and the lectin pathways.
C4d, a degradation end product produced during complement C4 activation, had been recognized as a biomarker for its stability and strong association with antibody-mediated rejection in the 1990s and in the last twenty years, the potential importance of C4d in SLE as a tool for diagnosing and monitoring SLE was highlighted (1). Particularly, C4d associates with SLE nephritis (2). In primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) the level of C4d correlates with anti-SSB and κ/λ ratio and is suggested to be an appropriate marker of antibody response and complement activation in pSS patients with auto-antibodies (3,4). Plasma level of C4d has been shown to be significantly higher in patients with antibody–associated vasculitis with active disease compared with patients with lupus nephritis and normal controls (5). Peritubular C4d deposition is a significant predictor of long-term graft survival rates and to be of prognostic significance (6). C4d, is increased in biological samples from lung cancer patient and is associated with poor prognosis of lung cancer at a very early stage (7,8). C4d is increasingly recognized as a potential biomarker where antibodies can cause tissue damage, such as systemic autoimmune diseases. C4d has the potential to detect patients at risk for the consequences of antibody-mediated disease. Furthermore, the development of new therapeutics that block complement activation makes C4d a marker with potential to identify and monitor patients who may possibly benefit from these drugs (9). Complement assays based on detection of linear neoepitopes has been reported to have an advantage compared to conformational epitopes, as it reduces the risk of false positives and increases specificity (10). This complement assay is based on the detection of the short linear C4d neoepitope exposed at the cleavage site of C4 after activation.

---

Related Products

Complement MBL Pathway ELISA Assay Kit
Complement TCC ELISA Assay Kit
Complement Alternative Pathway ELISA

EagleBio的5α-雄甾烷-3α，17β-二醇葡糖醛酸化物是C19类固醇，缩写为3α-DiolG，5α二醇G或简称为α二醇G。它主要作为睾丸激素和二氢睾丸激素（DHT）的代谢产物生产。它主要在目标外围组织（例如皮肤）中产生，尤其是在毛囊周围。大量的3α-DiolG刺激会导致过多的头发形成，特别是在女性通常不存在头发的地方。近年来，在研究患有特发性多毛症的妇女的临床研究人员中，人们对这种类固醇的测量越来越感兴趣。已知是3α-DiolG前体的类固醇包括脱氢表雄酮（DHEA），硫酸脱氢表雄酮（DHEAS），二氢睾丸酮（DHT），雄烯二酮和睾丸激素。已显示只有3α-DiolG随多毛症增加而随治疗减少。这种相关性在多囊卵巢综合征（PCO）患者中也得到了证明。3α-DiolG的测定因此被证明是多种方式的有用指标，包括监测特发性多毛症和PCO妇女的治疗进展。此外，接受环孢霉素A治疗的糖尿病患者（无论男女）均显示3α-DiolG水平升高，这种副作用导致以前无毛的区域出现了头发。3α-DiolG的测定因此被证明是多种方式的有用指标，包括监测特发性多毛症和PCO妇女的治疗进展。此外，接受环孢霉素A治疗的糖尿病患者（无论男女）均显示3α-DiolG水平升高，这种副作用导致以前无毛的区域出现了头发。3α-DiolG的测定因此被证明是多种方式的有用指标，包括监测特发性多毛症和PCO妇女的治疗进展。此外，接受环孢霉素A治疗的糖尿病患者（无论男女）均显示3α-DiolG水平升高，这种副作用导致以前无毛的区域出现了头发。