Recombinant Human Ubiquitin Aldehyde Protein, CF Summary
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins.Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration.The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard.In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
U-201
| Formulation | X mg/ml (X μM) as a solution in 50 mM HCl |
| Shipping | The product is shipped with dry ice or equivalent. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Background: Ubiquitin
Ubiquitin is a 76 amino acid (aa) protein that is ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic organisms. Ubiquitin is highly conserved with 96% aa sequence identity shared between human and yeast Ubiquitin, and 100% aa sequence identity shared between human and mouse Ubiquitin (1). In mammals, four Ubiquitin genes encode for two Ubiquitin-ribosomal fusion proteins and two poly-Ubiquitin proteins. Cleavage of the Ubiquitin precursors by deubiquitinating enzymes gives rise to identical Ubiquitin monomers each with a predicted molecular weight of 8.6 kDa. Conjugation of Ubiquitin to target proteins involves the formation of an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine residue of Ubiquitin and a lysine residue in the target protein. This process of conjugation, referred to as ubiquitination or ubiquitylation, is a multi-step process that requires three enzymes: a Ubiquitin-activating (E1) enzyme, a Ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzyme, and a Ubiquitin ligase (E3). Ubiquitination is classically recognized as a mechanism to target proteins for degradation and as a result, Ubiquitin was originally named ATP-dependent Proteolysis Factor 1 (APF-1) (2,3). In addition to protein degradation, ubiquitination has been shown to mediate a variety of biological processes such as signal transduction, endocytosis, and post-endocytic sorting (4-7).
Ubiquitin Aldehyde isa potent and specific inhibitor of Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolases (UCHs), Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) and deubiquinating enzymes (DUBs). This protein blocks the hydrolysis of poly-Ubiquitin chains on substrate proteins in vitro and thus enhances poly-Ubiquitin chain accumulation. Some DUBs, such as those of the JAMM class, are not inhibited by Ubiquitin Aldehyde.
- Sharp, P.M. & W.-H. Li. (1987) Trends Ecol. Evol. 2:328.
- Ciechanover, A. et al. (1980 ) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:1365.
- Hershko, A. et al. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:1783.
- Greene, W. et al. (2012) PLoS Pathog. 8:e1002703.
- Tong, X. et al. (2012) J. Biol. Chem. 287:25280.
- Wei, W. et al. (2004) Nature 428:194.
- Wertz, I.E. et al. (2004) Nature 430:694.
Citations for Recombinant Human Ubiquitin Aldehyde Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products.The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed,but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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- Suppression of autophagy during mitosis via CUL4-RING ubiquitin ligases-mediated WIPI2 polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradationAuthors: G Lu, J Yi, A Gubas, YT Wang, Y Wu, Y Ren, M Wu, Y Shi, C Ouyang, HWS Tan, T Wang, L Wang, ND Yang, S Deng, D Xia, RH Chen, SA Tooze, HM ShenAutophagy, 2019;0(0):1-18.Applications: Bioassay
- CD146 Regulates Growth Factor-Induced mTORC2 Activity Independent of the PI3K and mTORC1 PathwaysAuthors: W Xu, H Hua, YH Chiu, G Li, H Zhi, Z Yu, F Ren, Y Luo, W CuiCell Rep, 2019;29(5):1311-1322.e5.Species: HumanSample Types: Cell LysatesApplications: Bioassay
- Increased proteasomal activity supports photoreceptor survival in inherited retinal degenerationAuthors: ES Lobanova, S Finkelstei, J Li, AM Travis, Y Hao, M Klingeborn, NP Skiba, RJ Deshaies, VY ArshavskyNat Commun, 2018;9(1):1738.Species: HumanSample Types: Recombinant ProteinApplications: Bioassay
- Peptide inhibitors of the anaphase promoting-complex that cause sensitivity to microtubule poisonAuthors: SC Schuyler, YO Wu, HY Chen, YS Ding, CJ Lin, YT Chu, TC Chen, L Liao, WW Tsai, A Huang, LI Wang, TW Liao, JH Jhuo, V ChengPLoS ONE, 2018;13(6):e0198930.Applications: Bioassay
- Prp19/Pso4 Is an Autoinhibited Ubiquitin Ligase Activated by Stepwise Assembly of Three Splicing FactorsAuthors: TR de Moura, S Mozaffari-, CZK Szabó, J Schmitzová, O Dybkov, C Cretu, M Kachala, D Svergun, H Urlaub, R Lührmann, V PenaMol. Cell, 2018;69(6):979-992.e6.Species: BacteriaSample Types: Cell LysatesApplications: Bioassay
- RNF11 sequestration of the E3 ligase SMURF2 on membranes antagonizes SMAD7 down-regulation of transforming growth factor ? signalingAuthors: RJ Malonis, W Fu, MJ Jelcic, M Thompson, BS Canter, M Tsikitis, FJ Esteva, I SánchezJ. Biol. Chem., 2017;292(18):7435-7451.Applications: Bioassay
- The Itch ubiquitin ligase is required for KSHV RTA induced vFLIP degradationAuthors: Jennifer C ChmuraVirology, 2017;501(0):119-126.Applications: Bioassay
- Ubiquitinated proteins promote the association of proteasomes with the deubiquitinating enzyme Usp14 and the ubiquitin ligase Ube3cAuthors: CL Kuo, AL GoldbergProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2017;114(17):E3404-E3413.Species: N/ASample Types: ProteinApplications: Bioassay
- Deltex2 represses MyoD expression and inhibits myogenic differentiation by acting as a negative regulator of Jmjd1cAuthors: D Luo, A de Morree, S Boutet, N Quach, V Natu, A Rustagi, TA RandoProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2017;114(15):E3071-E3080.Species: MouseSample Types: ProteinApplications: Bioassay
- Development of ?-Hairpin Peptides for the Measurement of SCF-Family E3 Ligase Activity in Vitro via Ornithine UbiquitinationAuthors: KM Houston, AT Melvin, GS Woss, EL Fayer, ML Waters, NL AllbrittonACS Omega, 2017;2(3):1198-1206.Species: HumanSample Types: ProteinApplications: Bioassay
- UBE3B is a Calmodulin-Regulated, Mitochondria-Associated E3 Ubiquitin LigaseAuthors: Andrea BraganzaJ. Biol. Chem, 2016;0(0):.Species: HumanSample Types: Recombinant ProteinApplications: Bioassay
- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Nsp1beta inhibitsinterferon-activated JAK/STAT signal transduction by inducing karyopherin-alpha1 degradation.Authors: Wang R, Nan Y, Yu Y, Zhang YJ Virol, 2013;87(9):5219-28.Species: HumanSample Types: Cell LysatesApplications: Bioassay
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