Recombinant Human His6-Ubiquitin Mutant K48R Protein, CF Summary
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins.Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration.The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard.In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
UM-HK48R
Formulation | Lyophilized from a solution in deionized water |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Ubiquitin
Ubiquitin is a 76 amino acid (aa) protein that is ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic organisms. Ubiquitin is highly conserved with 96% aa sequence identity shared between human and yeast Ubiquitin, and 100% aa sequence identity shared between human and mouse Ubiquitin (1). In mammals, four Ubiquitin genes encode for two Ubiquitin-ribosomal fusion proteins and two poly-Ubiquitin proteins. Cleavage of the Ubiquitin precursors by deubiquitinating enzymes gives rise to identical Ubiquitin monomers each with a predicted molecular weight of 8.6 kDa. Conjugation of Ubiquitin to target proteins involves the formation of an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine residue of Ubiquitin and a lysine residue in the target protein. This process of conjugation, referred to as ubiquitination or ubiquitylation, is a multi-step process that requires three enzymes: a Ubiquitin-activating (E1) enzyme, a Ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzyme, and a Ubiquitin ligase (E3). Ubiquitination is classically recognized as a mechanism to target proteins for degradation and as a result, Ubiquitin was originally named ATP-dependent Proteolysis Factor 1 (APF-1) (2,3). In addition to protein degradation, ubiquitination has been shown to mediate a variety of biological processes such as signal transduction, endocytosis, and post-endocytic sorting (4-7).
Mutation of lysine 48 to arginine renders Ubiquitin unable to form poly-Ubiquitin chains via lysine 48 linkages with other Ubiquitin molecules. Ubiquitin K48R can form a Ubiquitin-activating (E1) enzyme-catalyzed active thioester at the C-terminus allowing the molecule to be transferred to the lysines of substrate proteins (monoubiquitination). Ideal for the reduction in poly-Ubiquitin chain length/conjugation rates and for the determination of poly-Ubiquitin chains specificity.
- Sharp, P.M. & W.-H. Li. (1987) Trends Ecol. Evol. 2:328.
- Ciechanover, A. et al. (1980 ) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:1365.
- Hershko, A. et al. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:1783.
- Greene, W. et al. (2012) PLoS Pathog. 8:e1002703.
- Tong, X. et al. (2012) J. Biol. Chem. 287:25280.
- Wei, W. et al. (2004) Nature 428:194.
- Wertz, I.E. et al. (2004) Nature 430:694.
Citation for Recombinant Human His6-Ubiquitin Mutant K48R Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products.The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed,but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
1Citation: Showing 1 - 1
- Substrate Ubiquitination Controls the Unfolding Ability of the ProteasomeJ Biol Chem, 2016;0(0):.Species: Bacteria - E. ColiSample Types: Cell LysatesApplications: Bioassay
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