Biological Activity
Potent and selective mTOR inhibitor (IC50 = 2 - 10 nM for mTORC1 and mTORC2). Displays 200-fold selectivity for mTOR over DNA-PK, ATM and hVps34. Induces autophagy in HeLa cells.Technical Data
The technical data provided above is for guidance only.For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Additional Information
Background References
- An ATP-competitive mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor reveals rapamycin-resistant functions of mTORC1.Thoreen CC, Kang SA, Chang JW et al.J Biol Chem
- Pharmacological modulation of autophagy: therapeutic potential and persisting obstacles.Galluzzi et al.Nat.Rev.Drug.Discov., 2017;
- The pharmacology of mTOR inhibition.Guertin and SabatiniSci.Signal., 2009;2:pe24
- Discovery of 1-(4(-(4-propionylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-9-(quinolin-3-yl)benzo[h][1,6]naphthyridin-2(1H)-one as a highly potent, selective mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor for the treatment of cancer.Liu et al.J.Med.Chem., 2010;53:7146
- mTOR complex 1 regulates lipin 1 localization to control the SREBP pathway.Peterson et al.Cell., 2011;146:408
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Citations for Torin 1
The citations listed below are publications that use Tocris products.Selected citations for Torin 1 include:
123Citations: Showing 1 - 10
- HIF1A and NFAT5 coordinate Na+-boosted antibacterial defense via enhanced autophagy and autolysosomal targeting.Authors: Neubert Et al.Autophagy2019;:1
- Lethal Poisoning of Cancer Cells by Respiratory Chain Inhibition plus Dimethyl α-Ketoglutarate.Authors: Sica Et al.Cell Rep2019;27:820
- Type 2 diabetes is associated with suppression of autophagy and lipid accumulation in β-cells.Authors: Ji Et al.J Cell Mol Med2019;23:2890
- Dysfunctional autophagy following exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines contributes to pancreatic β-cell apoptosis.Authors: Lambelet Et al.Cell Death Dis2018;9:96
- Amino acids stimulate the endosome-to-Golgi trafficking through Ragulator and small GTPase Arl5.Authors: Shi Et al.Nat Commun2018;9:4987
- Is Ras a potential target in treatment against cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma?.Authors: Li Et al.J Cancer2018;9:3373
- mTOR-dependent phosphorylation controls TFEB nuclear export.Authors: Napolitano Et al.Nat Commun2018;9:3312
- Carbon monoxide-induced TFEB nuclear translocation enhances mitophagy/mitochondrial biogenesis in hepatocytes and ameliorates inflammatory liver injury.Authors: Kim Et al.Cell Death Dis2018;9:1060
- Phosphatidylinositol-5-Phosphate 4-Kinases Regulate Cellular Lipid Metabolism By Facilitating Autophagy.Authors: Lundquist Et al.Mol Cell2018;70:531
- PTBP1-Mediated Alternative Splicing Regulates the Inflammatory Secretome and the Pro-tumorigenic Effects of Senescent Cells.Authors: Georgilis Et al.Cancer Cell2018;34:85
- Metabolic reprogramming of murine cardiomyocytes during autophagy requires the extracellular nutrient sensor decorin.Authors: Gubbiotti Et al.J Biol Chem2018;293:16940
- ULK1 O-GlcNAcylation Is Crucial for Activating VPS34 via ATG14L during Autophagy Initiation.Authors: Pyo Et al.Cell Rep2018;25:2878
- Autophagosomal YKT6 is required for fusion with lysosomes independently of syntaxin 17.Authors: Matsui Et al.J Cell Biol2018;217:2633
- Lysosomal Protein Lamtor1 Controls Innate Immune Responses via Nuclear Translocation of Transcription Factor EB.Authors: Hayama Et al.J Immunol2018;200:3790
- Integration of Distinct ShcA Signaling Complexes Promotes Breast Tumor Growth and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance.Authors: Ha Et al.Mol Cancer Res2018;16:894
- HEPES activates a MiT/TFE-dependent lysosomal-autophagic gene network in cultured cells: A call for caution.Authors: Tol Et al.Autophagy2018;14:437
- Role of the MAPK/cJun NH2-terminal kinase signaling pathway in starvation-induced autophagy.Authors: Barutcu Et al.Autophagy2018;14:1586
- Lifespan extension without fertility reduction following dietary addition of the autophagy activator Torin1 in Drosophila melanogaster.Authors: Mason Et al.PLoS One2018;13:e0190105
- Mapping the mammalian ribosome quality control complex interactome using proximity labeling approaches.Authors: Zuzow Et al.Mol Biol Cell2018;
- Tenovin-6 impairs autophagy by inhibiting autophagic flux.Authors: Yuan Et al.Cell Death Dis2017;8:e2608
- TBK1 Provides Context-Selective Support of the Activated AKT/mTOR Pathway in Lung Cancer.Authors: Cooper Et al.Cancer Res2017;77:5077
- Autophagosomal Content Profiling Reveals an LC3C-Dependent Piecemeal Mitophagy Pathway.Authors: Guerroue Et al.Mol Cell2017;68:786
- PARK2 Depletion Connects Energy and Oxidative Stress to PI3K/Akt Activation via PTEN S-Nitrosylation.Authors: Gupta Et al.Mol Cell2017;65:999
- Akt regulation of glycolysis mediates bioenergetic stability in epithelial cells.Authors: Hung Et al.Elife2017;6
- DGAT1-Dependent Lipid Droplet Biogenesis Protects Mitochondrial Function during Starvation-Induced Autophagy.Authors: Nguyen Et al.Dev Cell2017;42:9
- PtdIns3P controls mTORC1 signaling through lysosomal positioning.Authors: Hong Et al.J Cell Biol2017;216:4217
- Tim-3 is a Marker of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Dysfunction during HIV Infection and Is Associated with the Recruitment of IRF7 and p85 into Lysosomes and with the Submembrane Displacement of TLR9.Authors: Schwartz Et al.J Immunol2017;198:3181
- TORC1 and TORC2 converge to regulate the SAGA co-activator in response to nutrient availability.Authors: Laboucarié Et al.EMBO Rep2017;18:2197
- Deubiquitinase OTUD6B Isoforms Are Important Regulators of Growth and Proliferation.Authors: Sobol Et al.Mol Cancer Res2017;15:117
- The E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 enhances killing of membrane-perturbing intracellular bacteria by promoting autophagy.Authors: Pei Et al.Autophagy2017;13:2041
- Loss of ULK1 increases RPS6KB1-NCOR1 repression of NR1H/LXR-mediated Scd1 transcription and augments lipotoxicity in hepatic cells.Authors: Sinha Et al.Autophagy2017;13:169
- The anti-tumor drug 2-hydroxyoleic acid (Minerval) stimulates signaling and retrograde transport.Authors: Torgersen Et al.Oncotarget2016;7:86871
- TSC loss distorts DNA replication programme and sensitises cells to genotoxic stress.Authors: Pai Et al.Oncotarget2016;7:85365
- Diagnostic and clinical relevance of the autophago-lysosomal network in human gliomas.Authors: Jennewein Et al.Oncotarget2016;7:20016
- Polarization of M2 macrophages requires Lamtor1 that integrates cytokine and amino-acid signalsAuthors: Kimura Et al.Nature Communications2016;7:13130
- mTORC1 and CK2 coordinate ternary and eIF4F complex assembly.Authors: Gandin Et al.Nat Commun2016;7:11127
- mTORC1-mediated inhibition of polycystin-1 expression drives renal cyst formation in tuberous sclerosis complex.Authors: Pema Et al.Mol Biol Cell2016;7:10786
- Trehalose, sucrose and raffinose are novel activators of autophagy in human keratinocytes through an mTOR-independent pathway.Authors: Chen Et al.PLoS One2016;6:28423
- LKB1 loss links serine metabolism to DNA methylation and tumorigenesis.Authors: Kottakis Et al.Nature2016;539:390
- An evolutionarily conserved mechanism for cAMP elicited axonal regeneration involves direct activation of the dual leucine zipper kinase DLK.Authors: Hao Et al.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2016;5
- Characterizing inactive ribosomes in translational profiling.Authors: LiuTranslation (Austin)2016;4:e1138018
- Oncogenic PI3K and K-Ras stimulate de novo lipid synthesis through mTORC1 and SREBP.Authors: Ricoult Et al.Oncogene2016;35:1250
- TDP-43 loss of function increases TFEB activity and blocks autophagosome-lysosome fusion.Authors: Xia Et al.EMBO J2016;35:121
- A novel Rab10-EHBP1-EHD2 complex essential for the autophagic engulfment of lipid droplets.Authors: Li Et al.Sci Adv2016;2:e1601470
- Nutrient-regulated Phosphorylation of ATG13 Inhibits Starvation-induced Autophagy.Authors: Puente Et al.J Biol Chem2016;291:6026
- RACK1 Is an Interaction Partner of ATG5 and a Novel Regulator of Autophagy.Authors: Erbil Et al.J Biol Chem2016;291:16753
- mTOR controls lysosome tubulation and antigen presentation in macrophages and dendritic cells.Authors: Saric Et al.Autophagy2016;27:321
- nanoCAGE reveals 5' UTR features that define specific modes of translation of functionally related MTOR-sensitive mRNAs.Authors: Gandin Et al.Genome Res2016;26:636
- Involvement of PARK2-Mediated Mitophagy in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Pathogenesis.Authors: Kobayashi Et al.J Immunol2016;197:504
- Neuronal gene repression in Niemann-Pick type C models is mediated by the c-Abl/HDAC2 signaling pathway.Authors: Contreras Et al.Biochim Biophys Acta2016;1859:269
- A Founder Mutation in VPS11 Causes an Autosomal Recessive Leukoencephalopathy Linked to Autophagic Defects.Authors: Zhang Et al.Cell Rep2016;12:e1005848
- Drosophila Mitf regulates the V-ATPase and the lysosomal-autophagic pathway.Authors: Bouche Et al.Autophagy2016;12:484
- Hypoxia promotes noncanonical autophagy in nucleus pulposus cells independent of MTOR and HIF1A signaling.Authors: Choi Et al.Autophagy2016;12:1631
- Iron overload causes endolysosomal deficits modulated by NAADP-regulated 2-pore channels and RAB7A.Authors: Fernández Et al.Autophagy2016;12:1487
- TFEB and TFE3 cooperate in the regulation of the innate immune response in activated macrophages.Authors: Pastore Et al.Autophagy2016;12:1240
- TP53INP2/DOR, a mediator of cell autophagy, promotes rDNA transcription via facilitating the assembly of the POLR1/RNA polymerase I preinitiation complex at rDNA promoters.Authors: Xu Et al.Autophagy2016;12:1118
- IL-15 activates mTOR and primes stress-activated gene expression leading to prolonged antitumor capacity of NK cells.Authors: Mao Et al.Blood2016;128:1475
- IBMPFD Disease-Causing Mutant VCP/p97 Proteins Are Targets of Autophagic-Lysosomal Degradation.Authors: Bayraktar Et al.PLoS One2016;11:e0164864
- The Loss of Lam2 and Npr2-Npr3 Diminishes the Vacuolar Localization of Gtr1-Gtr2 and Disinhibits TORC1 Activity in Fission Yeast.Authors: Ma Et al.PLoS One2016;11:e0156239
- Trehalose upregulates progranulin expression in human and mouse models of GRN haploinsufficiency: a novel therapeutic lead to treat frontotemporal dementia.Authors: Holler Et al.Mol Neurodegener2016;11:46
- Activation of 5-HT7 receptor stimulates neurite elongation through mTOR, Cdc42 and actin filaments dynamics.Authors: Speranza Et al.Nat Chem Biol2015;9:62
- The MAPK and PI3K pathways mediate CNTF-induced neuronal survival and process outgrowth in hypothalamic organotypic cultures.Authors: Askvig and WattJ Cell Commun Signal2015;9:217
- The mTORC1/4E-BP pathway coordinates hemoglobin production with L-leucine availability.Authors: Chung Et al.Mol Cancer Res2015;8:ra34
- Autophagy restricts HIV-1 infection by selectively degrading Tat in CD4+ T lymphocytes.Authors: Sagnier Et al.J Virol2015;89:615
- Reinstating aberrant mTORC1 activity in Huntington's disease mice improves disease phenotypes.Authors: Lee Et al.Neuron2015;85:303
- Autophagy regulates hepatocyte identity and epithelial-to-mesenchymal and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transitions promoting Snail degradation.Authors: Grassi Et al.Cell Death Dis2015;6:e1880
- Regulation of autophagy by coordinated action of mTORC1 and protein phosphatase 2A.Authors: Wong Et al.Nat Commun2015;6:8048
- Autophagy activation and protection from mitochondrial dysfunction in human chondrocytes.Authors: Figueroa Et al.Autophagy2015;67:966
- SLC38A9 is a component of the lysosomal amino acid sensing machinery that controls mTORC1.Authors: Rebsamen Et al.Autophagy2015;519:477
- Diacylglycerol kinase-ζ regulates mTORC1 and lipogenic metabolism in cancer cells through SREBP-1.Authors: Torres-Ayuso Et al.Oncogenesis2015;4:e164
- Decorin is an autophagy-inducible proteoglycan and is required for proper in vivo autophagy.Authors: Gubbiotti Et al.Matrix Biol2015;48:14
- Regulation of the transcription factor EB-PGC1α axis by beclin-1 controls mitochondrial quality and cardiomyocyte death under stress.Authors: Ma Et al.Mol Cell Biol2015;35:956
- Amino Acid-Dependent mTORC1 Regulation by the Lysosomal Membrane Protein SLC38A9.Authors: Jung Et al.Mol Cell Biol2015;35:2479
- HIV-1 Tat alters neuronal autophagy by modulating autophagosome fusion to the lysosome: implications for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Authors: Fields Et al.J Neurosci2015;35:1921
- La-related Protein 1 (LARP1) Represses Terminal Oligopyrimidine (TOP) mRNA Translation Downstream of mTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1).Authors: Fonseca Et al.J Biol Chem2015;290:15996
- Cholesterol-mediated activation of acid sphingomyelinase disrupts autophagy in the retinal pigment epithelium.Authors: Toops Et al.J Exp Med2015;26:41640
- Amyloid precursor protein (APP) affects global protein synthesis in dividing human cells.Authors: Sobol Et al.J Cell Physiol2015;230:1064
- PDK1 orchestrates early NK cell development through induction of E4BP4 expression and maintenance of IL-15 responsiveness.Authors: Yang Et al.J Clin Invest2015;212:253
- Apoptotic effects of high-dose rapamycin occur in S-phase of the cell cycle.Authors: Saqcena Et al.Autophagy2015;14:2285
- A mechanism for asymmetric cell division resulting in proliferative asynchronicity.Authors: Dey-Guha Et al.Autophagy2015;13:223
- mTORC1-Induced HK1-Dependent Glycolysis Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.Authors: Moon Et al.Cell Rep2015;12:102
- Coactivator SRC-2-dependent metabolic reprogramming mediates prostate cancer survival and metastasis.Authors: Dasgupta Et al.Sci Signal2015;125:1174
- Phosphoproteomic Analysis of KSHV-Infected Cells Reveals Roles of ORF45-Activated RSK during Lytic Replication.Authors: Avey Et al.PLoS Pathog2015;11:e1004993
- GSK-3 modulates cellular responses to a broad spectrum of kinase inhibitors.Authors: Thorne Et al.Mol Biol Cell2015;11:58
- PARK2-mediated mitophagy is involved in regulation of HBEC senescence in COPD pathogenesis.Authors: Ito Et al.Nature2015;11:547
- Pharmacological inhibition of lysosomes activates the MTORC1 signaling pathway in chondrocytes in an autophagy-independent manner.Authors: Newton Et al.Autophagy2015;11:1594
- mTORC2 regulates cardiac response to stress by inhibiting MST1.Authors: Sciarretta Et al.Elife2015;11:125
- TNFAIP3 promotes survival of CD4 T cells by restricting MTOR and promoting autophagy.Authors: Matsuzawa Et al.Sci Rep2015;11:1052
- Hedgehog signaling activates a positive feedback mechanism involving Ins-like growth factors to induce osteoblast differentiation.Authors: Shi Et al.Front Behav Neurosci2015;112:4678
- Tor Signaling Regulates Transcription of Amino Acid Permeases through a GATA Transcription Factor Gaf1 in Fission Yeast.Authors: Ma Et al.PLoS One2015;10:e0144677
- Rapamycin-insensitive up-regulation of adipocyte phospholipase A2 in tuberous sclerosis and lymphangioleiomyomatosis.Authors: Li Et al.J Exp Med2014;9:e104809
- Fertilization-induced autophagy in mouse embryos is independent of mTORC1.Authors: Yamamoto Et al.Biol Reprod2014;91:7
- The nutrient-responsive transcription factor TFE3 promotes autophagy, lysosomal biogenesis, and clearance of cellular debris.Authors: Martina Et al.Sci Signal2014;7:ra9
- Oncogenic mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) activate mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in mice and zebrafish.Authors: Valvezan Et al.Dis Model Mech2014;7:63
- Palmitate induces mRNA translation and increases ER protein load in islet β-cells via activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway.Authors: Hatanaka Et al.Diabetes2014;63:3404
- Regulation of YAP by mTOR and autophagy reveals a therapeutic target of tuberous sclerosis complex.Authors: Liang Et al.J Exp Med2014;211:2249
- OE and mTORC2 cooperate to enhance prostaglandin biosynthesis and tumorigenesis in TSC2-deficient LAM cells.Authors: Li Et al.BMC Biochem2014;211:15
- Mammalian target of Rapamycin inhibition and mycobacterial survival are uncoupled in murine macrophages.Authors: Zullo Et al.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2014;15:4
- An invertebrate Warburg effect: a shrimp virus achieves successful replication by altering the host metabolome via the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway.Authors: Su Et al.PLoS Pathog2014;10:e1004196
- Development of a novel method for quantification of autophagic protein degradation by AHA labeling.Authors: Zhang Et al.PLoS Genet2014;10:901
- Expression of the autophagy substrate SQSTM1/p62 is restored during prolonged starvation depending on transcriptional upregulation and autophagy-derived amino acids.Authors: Sahani Et al.Autophagy2014;10:431
- Autophagy fosters myofibroblast differentiation through MTORC2 activation and downstream upregulation of CTGF.Authors: Bernard Et al.Cell Cycle2014;10:2193
- Japanese encephalitis virus replication is negatively regulated by autophagy and occurs on LC3-I- and EDEM1-containing membranes.Authors: Sharma Et al.Arthritis Rheumatol2014;10:1637
- p53-directed translational control can shape and expand the universe of p53 target genes.Authors: Zaccara Et al.Cell Death Differ2014;
- Live imaging and single-cell analysis reveal differential dynamics of autophagy and apoptosis.Authors: Xu Et al.Autophagy2013;9:1418
- ATP-competitive mTOR kinase inhibitors delay plant growth by triggering early differentiation of meristematic cells but no developmental patterning change.Authors: Montané and MenandNat Commun2013;64:4361
- Stimulation of autophagy improves endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced diabetes.Authors: Bachar-Wikstrom Et al.Diabetes2013;62:1227
- Differential regulation of the expressions of the PGC-1α splice variants, lipins, and PPARα in heart compared to liver.Authors: Kok Et al.J Lipid Res2013;54:1662
- Selective targeting of human colon cancer stem-like cells by the mTOR inhibitor Torin-1.Authors: Francipane and LagasseOncotarget2013;4:1948
- Epigenetic regulation of autophagy by the methyltransferase G9a.Authors: Narvajas Et al.Mol Cell Biol2013;33:3983
- Inactivation of the mTORC1-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E pathway alters stress granule formation.Authors: Fournier Et al.Mol Cell Biol2013;33:2285
- Suppression of lysosome function induces autophagy via a feedback down-regulation of MTOR complex 1 (MTORC1) activity.Authors: Li Et al.J Biol Chem2013;288:35769
- mTOR complex 2 phosphorylates IMP1 cotranslationally to promote IGF2 production and the proliferation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts.Authors: Dai Et al.Genes Dev2013;27:301
- SYK regulates mTOR signaling in AML.Authors: Carnevale Et al.Leukemia2013;27:2118
- mTOR regulates phagosome and entotic vacuole fission.Authors: Krajcovic Et al.Mol Biol Cell2013;24:3736
- Activation of lysosomal function in the course of autophagy via mTORC1 suppression and autophagosome-lysosome fusion.Authors: Zhou Et al.Cell Res2013;23:508
- Interaction between FIP200 and ATG16L1 distinguishes ULK1 complex-dependent and -independent autophagy.Authors: Gammoh Et al.Nat Struct Mol Biol2013;20:144
- Rag GTPases mediate amino acid-dependent recruitment of TFEB and MITF to lysosomes.Authors: Martina and PuertollanoJ Cell Biol2013;200:475
- mTORC1 controls mitochondrial activity and biogenesis through 4E-BP-dependent translational regulation.Authors: Morita Et al.Cell Metab2013;18:698
- WNT-LRP5 signaling induces Warburg effect through mTORC2 activation during osteoblast differentiation.Authors: Esen Et al.Cell Metab2013;17:745
- MTORC1 functions as a transcriptional regulator of autophagy by preventing nuclear transport of TFEB.Authors: Martina Et al.Autophagy2012;8:903
- Structure-activity analysis of niclosamide reveals potential role for cytoplasmic pH in control of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.Authors: Fonseca Et al.J Biol Chem2012;287:17530
- Keap1 degradation by autophagy for the maintenance of redox homeostasis.Authors: Taguchi Et al.J Exp Bot2012;109:13561
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0.076–500 nM Torin
We used Torin-1 to inhibit torin signalling, we got the expected effect on metabolic changes in acute brain slices