DPP-DTT is a high mobility p-type polymer, suitable for OFET and sensing and photovoltaic applications.

Luminosyn™ DPP-DTT

Luminosyn™ DPP-DTT (also referred to as PDPP2T-TT-OD) is now available.

OFET and Sensing Applications

The exceptional high mobility of this polymer of up to 10 cm²/Vs [2] via solution-processed techniques, combined with its intrinsic air stability (even during annealing) has made PDPP2T-TT-OD of significant interest for OFET and sensing purposes.

While the highest mobilities require exceptional molecular weights of around 500 kD (and with commensurate solubility issues), high mobilities in the region of 1-3 cm²/Vs can still be achieved with good solution-processing at around 250 kD. As such, we have made a range of molecular weights available to allow for different processing techniques.

In our own tests, we have found that by using simple spin-coating onto an OTS-treated silicon substrate (using our prefabricated test chips), high mobilities comparable to the literature can be achieved  (1-3 cm²/Vs). Further improvements may also be possible with more advanced strain-inducing deposition techniques.

    

Photovoltaic Applications

Although shown as a promising hole-mobility polymer for OFETs, when used as the donor material in a bulk heterojunction photovoltaic (with PC₇₀BM as the acceptor), initial efficiencies of 1.6% were achieved for DPP-DTT [3]. The low device metrics were attributed to poor film morphology. However, a higher efficiency of 6.9% was achieved by using thicker film (220 nm) [4].

PDPP2T-TT-OD has also recently been used successfully as an active-layer dopant material in PTB7-based devices [5]. An improvement in device performance was observed, with average efficiencies increasing from 7.6% to 8.3% when the dopant concentration of DPP-DTT was 1 wt%. The use of DPP-DTT as a high-mobility hole-interface layer for perovskite hybrid devices has also been investigated [6].

Synthetic route

DPP-DTT synthesis: DPP-DTT was synthesised by following the procedures described in [2] and [3] (please refer to the following references):

With 2-thiophenecarbonitrile and dimethyl succinate as starting materials in t-amyl alcohol, it gave 3,6-Dithiophen-2-yl-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione. Alkylation of 3,6-Dithiophen-2-yl-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione with 2-octyldodecylbromide in dimethylformamide afforded 3,6-bis(thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione. Further bromination gave 3,6-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione (M1).

Further reaction of M1 with 2,5-bis(trimethylstannyl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (M2) under Stille coupling conditions gave the target polymer DPP-DTT, which was further purified via Soxhlet extraction with methanol, hexane and then chloroform.

General Information

CAS number	1260685-66-2 (1444870-74-9)
Chemical formula	(C60H88N2O2S4)n
HOMO / LUMO	HOMO = -5.2 eV, LUMO = -3.5 eV [2]
Synonyms	PDBT-co-DTT PTT-DTDPP PDPP-DTT DPPT-TT DPP-TTT PDPP2T-TT PDPP2T-TT-OD DPPDTT Poly[2,5-(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-diketopyrrolopyrrole-alt-5,5-(2,5-di(thien-2-yl)thieno [3,2-b]thiophene)]
Solubility	Chloroform, chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene
Classification / Family	Bithiophene, Thienothiophene, Organic semiconducting materials, Low band-gap polymers, Organic photovoltaics, Polymer solar cells, OFETs

MSDS Documentation

DPP-DTT MSDS sheet

Pricing

Batch	Quantity	Price
M0311A1	100 mg	£199.00
M0311A1	250 mg	£399.00
M0311A1	500 mg	£686.00
M0311A1	1 g	£1200.00
M0311A1	2 g	£2200.00
M0311A1	5 g / 10 g*	Please enquire

*For 5 - 10 grams order quantity, the lead time is 4-6 weeks.

Batch information

Batch	Mw	Mn	PDI	Stock info
M314	292,200	74,900	3.90	Discontinued
M315	278,781	76,323	3.65	Discontinued
M316	≥30,000		≤3	Discontinued
M317	290,668	143,039	2.03	Discontinued
M0311A1	183,332	37,335	4.91	In stock

References

1. A High Mobility P-Type DPP-Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene Copolymer for Organic Thin-Film Transistors, Y. Li et al., Adv. Mater., 22, 4862-4866 (2010)
2. A stable solution-processed polymer semiconductor with record high-mobility for printed transistors, J. Li et al., Nature Scientific Reports, 2, 754, DOI: 10.1038/srep00754 (2012)
3. Synthesis of low bandgap polymer based on 3,6-dithien-2-yl-2,5-dialkylpyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione for photovoltaic applications, G. Zhang et al., Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C., 95, 1168-1173 (2011)
4. Efficient small bandgap polymer solar cells with high fill factors for 300 nm thick films, Li W et al., Adv Mater., 25(23):3182-3186 (2013); doi:10.1002/adma.201300017.
5. Enhanced efficiency of polymer solar cells by adding a high-mobility conjugated polymer, S. Liu et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 8, 1463-1470 (2015)
6. Electro-optics of perovskite solar cells, Q. Lin et al., Nature Photonics, 9, 106-112 (2015)
7. A Vertical Organic Transistor Architecture for Fast Nonvolatile Memory, X. She et al., adv. Mater., 29, 1604769 (2017); DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604769.
8. Solvent-Free Processable and Photo-Patternable Hybrid Gate Dielectric for Flexible Top-Gate Organic Field-Effect Transistors, J. S. Kwon et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9 (6), 5366–5374 (2017); DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14500.

---

To the best of our knowledge the technical information provided here is accurate. However, Ossila assume no liability for the accuracy of this information. The values provided here are typical at the time of manufacture and may vary over time and from batch to batch.

About Ossila Founded in 2009 by organic electronics research scientists, Ossila aims to provide the components, equipment, and materials to enable intelligent and efficient scientific research and discovery. Over a decade on, we're proud to supply our products to over 1000 different institutions in over 80 countries globally. With decades of academic and industrial experience in developing organic and thin-film LEDs, photovoltaics, and FETs, we know how long it takes to establish a reliable and efficient device fabrication and testing process. As such, we have developed coherent packages of products and services - enabling researchers to jump-start their organic electronics development program. The Ossila Guarantee Free Worldwide Shipping Eligible orders ship free to anywhere in the world Fast Secure Dispatch Rapid dispatch on in-stock items via secure tracked courier services Quality Assured Backed up by our free two year warranty on all equipment Clear Upfront Pricing Clear pricing in over 30 currencies with no hidden costs Large Order Discounts Save 8% on orders over $10,300.00 and 10% on orders over $12,900.00 Expert Support Our in-house scientists and engineers are always ready to help Trusted Worldwide Great products and service. Have already recommended to many people. Dr. Gregory Welch, University of Calgary Wonderful company with reasonably priced products and so customer-friendly! Shahriar Anwar, Arizona State University The Ossila Team Prof. David Lidzey - Chairman As professor of physics at the University of Sheffield, Prof. David Lidzey heads the university’s Electronic and Photonic Molecular Materials research group (EPMM). During his career, David has worked in both academic and technical environments, with his main areas of research including hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductor materials and devices, organic photonic devices and structures and solution processed photovoltaic devices. Throughout his academic career, he has authored over 220 peer-reviewed papers. Dr. James Kingsley - Managing Director James is a co-founder and managing director of Ossila. With a PhD in quantum mechanics/nanotech and over 12 years’ experience in organic electronics, his work on the fabrication throughput of organic photovoltaics led to the formation of Ossila and the establishment of a strong guiding ethos: to speed up the pace of scientific discovery. James is particularly interested in developing innovative equipment and improving the accessibility of new materials for solution-processable photovoltaics and hybrid organic-inorganic devices. Dr. Alastair Buckley - Technical Director Alastair is a lecturer of Physics at the University of Sheffield, specialising in organic electronics and photonics. He is also a member of the EPMM research group with a focus on understanding and applying the intrinsic advantages of functional organic materials to a range of optoelectronic devices. Alastair’s experience has not been gained solely in academia; he previously led the R&D team at MicroEmissive Displays and therefore has extensive technical experience in OLED displays. He is also the editor and contributor of "Organic Light-Emitting Diodes" by Elsevier. Our Research Scientists Our research scientists and product developers have significant experience in the synthesis and processing of materials and the fabrication and testing of devices. The vision behind Ossila is to share this experience with academic and industrial researchers alike, and to make their research more efficient. By providing products and services that take the hard work out of the device fabrication process, and the equipment to enable accurate, rapid testing, we can free scientists to focus on what they do best - science. Customer Care Team The customer care team is responsible for the customer journey at Ossila. From creating and providing quotes, through to procurement and inventory management, the customer care team is devoted to providing first class customer service. The general day to day responsibilities of a customer care team member involves processing customers orders and price queries, answering customer enquiries, arranging the shipment of parcels and notifying customers of updates on their orders. Collaborations and Partnerships Please contact the customer care team for all enquires, including technical questions about Ossila products or for advice on fabrication and measurement processes. Location and Facilities Ossila is based at the Solpro Business Park in Attercliffe, Sheffield. We operate a purpose-built synthetic chemistry and device testing laboratory on site, where all of our high-purity, batch-specific polymers and other formulations are made. This is complemented by a dedicated suite of thin-film and organic electronics testing and analysis tools within the device fabrication cluster housed in a class 1000 cleanroom in the EPSRC National Epitaxy Facility in Sheffield. All our electronic equipment is manufactured on-site.