Radioimmunoassayfortheinvitroquantitativemeasurementofhuman3,5,3’Triiodothyronine(T3)inserum.

BIOLOGicalactivity

Thethyroidglandexertspowerfulandessentialregulatoryinfluencesongrowth,differentiation,cellularmetabolism,andgeneralhormonalbalance,aswellasonthemaintenanceofmetabolicactivityandthedevelopmentoftheskeletalandorgansystem.Thehormonesthyroxine(T4)and3,5,3’triiodothyronine(T3)circulateinthebloodsteam,mostlyboundtotheplasmaprotein,thyroxinebindingglobulin(TBG).TheconcentrationofT3ismuchlessthanthatofT4,butitsmetabolicpotencyismuchgreater.

Clinicalapplications

T3determinationisanimportantfactorinthediagnosisofthyroiddisease.ItsmeasurementhasuncoveredavariantofhyperthyroidisminthyrotoxicpatientwithelevatedT3levelsandnormalT4levels.AnincreaseinT3withoutanincreaseinT4isfrequentlyaforerunnerofrecurrentthyrotoxicosisinpreviouslytreatedpatients.Inotherpatients,euthyroidismisattributabletonormalT3,althoughtheirT4valuesaresubnormal.

T3determinationisalsousefulinmonitoringbothpatientundertreatmentforhyperthyroidismandpatientswhohavediscontinuedanti-thyroiddrugtherapy.Itisespeciallyvaluableindistinguishingbetweeneuthyroidsubjects.

Inwomen,T3levelsareelevatedduringpregnancy,duringestrogentreatment,andcontraceptivehormonetherapy.WhenT3levelsparallelTBGincreasesinamanneranalogoustoT4levels,thesechangesarenotareflectionofalteredthyroidstatus.

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