Storage before reconstitution The antibody ships as a lyophilized powder at room temperature. Upon arrival, it should be stored at -20°C.
Reconstitution 25 µl, 50 µl or 0.2 ml double distilled water (DDW), depending on the sample size.
Antibody concentration after reconstitution 0.8 mg/ml.
Storage after reconstitution The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods, small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. Avoid multiple freezing and thawing. Centrifuge all antibody preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).
Negative control antigen storage before reconstitution Lyophilized powder can be stored intact at room temperature for 2 weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.
Negative control antigen reconstitution 100 µl double distilled water (DDW).
Negative control antigen storage after reconstitution -20°C.
Preadsorption Control 2 µg peptide per 1 µg antibody.
Standard quality control of each lot Western blot analysis.
Applications: wb
May also work in: ic*, ifc*, ih*, ip*
Western blot analysis of rat brain (lanes 1 and 4), mouse liver (lanes 2 and 5) and rat spleen (lanes 3 and 6) lysates:
1-3. Anti-TGR5 (GPBAR1) Antibody (#ABR-031), (1:200). 4-6. Anti-TGR5 (GPBAR1) Antibody, preincubated with the negative control antigen.
References
1. Duboca, H. et al. (2014) Dig. Liver Dis.46, 302.
2. Hov, J.R. et al. (2010) PLoS ONE5, e12403.
3. Kawamata, Y. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 9435.
4. Chen, X. and Ding, H. (2011) Exp. Diabetes Res.2011, 853501.
5. Pols, T.W. et al. (2011) J. Hepatol.54, 1263.
Bile acids are endogenous ligands for TGR5, a G-protein coupled receptor. Bile acids are important amphipathic biomolecules which can help absorption of dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins in the intestine. The TGR5 receptor is the first known G-protein coupled receptor specific for bile acids1.
The coding sequence of the TGR5 gene contains 993 base pairs, encoding a protein of 330 amino acids. The receptor comprises seven transmembrane helices, three extracellular loops contributing to ligand binding, and three intracellular loops involved in mediating the signal to downstream signaling molecules2.
TGR5 gene expression is widely distributed, including endocrine glands, adipocytes, muscles, immune organs, spinal cord, and the enteric nervous system3.
Animal studies suggest that TGR5 activation influences energy production and thereby may be involved in obesity and diabetes. TGR5 activation also influences intestinal motility. TGR5 is now recognized as a potential target for the treatment of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes1. In addition, the ability of TGR5 to lower the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in monocytes has opened new insights into the modulatory role of bile acids in pathology where inflammatory processes play a central role, including colitis and atheroma development4,5.
Application key:
CBE- Cell-based ELISA, FC- Flow cytometry, ICC- Immunocytochemistry, IE- Indirect ELISA, IF- Immunofluorescence, IFC- Indirect flow cytometry, IHC- Immunohistochemistry, IP- Immunoprecipitation, LCI- Live cell imaging, N- Neutralization, WB- Western blot
Species reactivity key:
H- Human, M- Mouse, R- Rat
Lyophilized PowderNegative Control Antigen Included
Click here to receive a 25 µl free trial sample!
Certificate of Analysis MSDS
Last update: 19/08/2019
Alomone Labs is pleased to offer a highly specific antibody directed against an epitope the rat G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1. Anti-TGR5 (GPBAR1) Antibody (#ABR-031) can be used in western blot analysis. It has been designed to recognize TGR5 from mouse, rat and human samples.
For research purposes only, not for human use
Discovery Antibodies的Cyclin dependant kinase 2 (CDK2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase which controls both G1/S and G2/M transitions. CDKs along with cyclins and CDK inhibitors regulate cell cycle progression. Specific cyclins activate different CDKs; in early G1, CDK2 pairs with cyclin E to promote entry into the S phase before switching to partner with cyclin A to drive the cell through S phase. Once activated CDKs phosphorylate downstream proteins to initiate signalling cascades. CDK2 phosphorylates and inactivates the RB1 (pRb) tumour suppressor family of proteins.CDK的活动受到严格控制。CDK2活性可以被包括P21在内的一系列抑制剂抑制。细胞周期失调和增殖控制的丧失与细胞转化和癌症密切相关。CDK2在DNA损伤反应（DDR）中的细胞周期停滞中也似乎起着积极作用，它的抑制作用会阻碍DDR，并使细胞对电离辐射敏感，从而诱导细胞死亡。该抗体与AlexaFluor®488偶联。AlexaFluor®488是一种流行的鲜绿色荧光染料，具有高pH稳定性。
Lyophilized Powder 
Antigen Incl. 
Western blot analysis of rat brain (lanes 1 and 4), mouse liver (lanes 2 and 5) and rat spleen (lanes 3 and 6) lysates:1-3. Anti-TGR5 (GPBAR1) Antibody (#ABR-031), (1:200).
