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- PeptideDNLNATGTNESAFNC,correspondingtoaminoacidresidues21-35ofratAT2receptor(AccessionP35351).Extracellular,N-terminus.
- ExpressionofAngiotensinIIreceptortype-2inratbrainImmunohistochemicalstainingofratfrozenfreefloatingbrain sectionsusingAnti-AngiotensinII ReceptorType-2(extracellular)-ATTO-488Antibody(#AAR-012-AG),(1:20).AT2receptor(green)wasdetectedinneuronsinthevicinityofthehypothalamicparaventricularnucleus(PVN).Insomeneurons(thickarrow),axonalprocesseswithvaricositieswereobserved(thinarrow).NucleiwerevisualizedwithDAPIcounterstain(blue).Immuno-colocalizationofAT2 receptorandVGLUT2inratsupraoptichypothalamicnucleusImmunohistochemicalstainingofperfusion-fixedfrozenratbrainsectionsusing Anti-AngiotensinII ReceptorType-2(extracellular)-ATTO-488Antibody(#AAR-012-AG),(1:60)and Anti-VGLUT2-ATTO-594Antibody (#AGC-036-AR),(1:60).A.AT2 receptorstaining(green).B.VGLUT2staining(red).C.Mergeofthetwoimagesshowsagenerallackofco-localizationofAT2RandVGLUT2inthispartofthehypothalamus(arrow).CellnucleiarestainedwithDAPI(blue).
- ExpressionofAngiotensinIIreceptortype-2in mouse3T3-L1cellsCellsurfacedetectionof AngiotensinIIreceptortype-2inintactlivemouse3T3-L1cellswithAnti-AngiotensinIIReceptorType-2(extracellular)-ATTO-488 Antibody(#AAR-012-AG),(1:50),(green).Liveviewofthesamefieldwassuperimposedtothefluorescentone.
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AngiotensinIIreceptortype2orAT2 isoneofthereceptorsthatbindtheoctapeptidehormoneAngiotensinII(AngII).
AngIIisthepeptidehormonethatgeneratesmostoftheknowneffectsoftherenin-angiotensinsystem(RAS).AngIIisgeneratedfromtheangiotensinogenproteinbytheactionsofrenin,angiotensinconvertingenzyme(ACE)andotherpeptidases.AngIIhasacentralroleincardiovascularhomeostasisbyregulatingvasoconstriction,renalNa+ andwaterreadsorption.Inaddition,AngIIinducescellgrowthandproliferationandhaspro-inflammatoryeffects.
MostofthephysiologicalactionsofAngIIaremediatedbyAT1 amemberofthe7-transmembranedomain,Gprotein-coupledreceptor(GPCR)superfamily.AT2 isalsoaGPCR,and islargelybelievedtohavecounter-regulatoryrolestotheonesexertedthroughtheAT1 receptor.Hence,bindingofAngIItotheAT2 receptorwillresultingrowtharrestandapoptosis,vasodilatationandhypotension.
AlthoughtheAT2 receptorisstructurallyamemberoftheGPCRsuperfamily,thesignalingmechanismselicitedfollowingAT2 receptoractivationarenotfullyclarified.RecentevidenceindicatesthattheAT2 receptorsignalsthroughtheGiα2 andtheGiα3 proteinsandthroughtheactivationofphosphotyrosinephosphatasessuchas SHP-1.
AT2 receptordistributionismorerestrictedthanthatofthe AT1 receptor.ThehighestexpressionlevelsofAT2 havebeenfoundinthefetus,whichisfollowedbyamarkeddecreaseshortlyafterbirth.Nevertheless,significantAT2 receptorexpressioncanbedetectedintheheart,kidney,vascularendothelialcellsandbrain,amongothers.
Immuno-colocalizationofMelatoninReceptorType1BandAT2 ReceptorinratbrainImmunohistochemicalstainingofperfusion-fixedfrozenbrainsectionsusing Anti-MelatoninReceptor1B(MTNR1B)Antibody (#AMR-032),(1:600)and Anti-AngiotensinIIReceptorType-2(extracellular)-ATTO-488 Antibody(#AAR-012-AG),(1:100).A.MTNR1Bstaining(red)(arrows).B.ThesamesectionlabeledforAT2receptor(green).C.Mergeofthetwoimagessuggestsconsiderableco-localizationintheparaventricularnucleus(arrows).Fororientation,notelocalizationwithrespectto3rd ventricle(3rd V).
Anti-AngiotensinIIReceptorType-2(extracellular)Antibody (#AAR-012)isahighlyspecificantibodydirectedagainstanextracellularepitopeoftheratprotein.The antibodycanbeusedinwesternblot,immunocytochemistryandimmunohistochemistryapplications.IthasbeendesignedtorecognizeAT2receptorfromratandmousesamples.Theantibodywon’trecognizehumanAT2R.
Anti-AngiotensinIIReceptorType-2(extracellular)-ATTO-488Antibody(#AAR-012-AG)isdirectlylabeledwithanATTO-488fluorescentdye.ATTOdyesarecharacterizedbystrongabsorption(highextinctioncoefficient),highfluorescencequantumyield,andhighphoto-stABIlity.TheATTO-488labelisanalogoustothewellknowndyefluoresceinisothiocyanate(FITC)andcanbeusedwithfilterstypicallyusedtodetectFITC.Anti-AngiotensinIIReceptorType-2(extracellular)-ATTO-488AntibodyhasbeentestedinlivecellimagingandimmunohistochemicalapplicationsandisspeciallysuitedtoexperimentsrequiringsimultaneouslabelingofdifferentMarkers.